TypeScript 支持多种基础类型，这些类型构成了类型系统的基石。理解基础类型是掌握 TypeScript 的第一步。
| 类型 | 说明 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| boolean | 布尔值 | true, false |
| number | 数字 | 10, 3.14, 0xFF |
| string | 字符串 | "hello", 'world' |
| array | 数组 | [1, 2, 3] |
| tuple | 元组 | [string, number] |
| enum | 枚举 | enum Color {Red, Green} |
| any | 任意类型 | - |
| void | 无返回值 | - |
| null | 空值 | null |
| undefined | 未定义 | undefined |
| never | 永不返回 | - |
TypeScript 使用类型注解来明确指定变量类型：
let name: string = "张三"
let age: number = 25
let isActive: boolean = true
当类型明显时，TypeScript 会自动推断：
let name = "张三" // 推断为 string
let age = 25 // 推断为 number
let items = [1, 2, 3] // 推断为 number[]
let isDone: boolean = false
let decimal: number = 6
let hex: number = 0xf00d
let binary: number = 0b1010
let octal: number = 0o744
let color: string = "blue"
let fullName: string = `张三`
let sentence: string = `你好，${fullName}`
let list: number[] = [1, 2, 3]
let genericList: Array<number> = [1, 2, 3]
let x: [string, number] = ["hello", 10]